Choroidal Neovascular Membranes
Choroidal Neovascular Membranes
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) :
1. Can CNVM lead to permanent vision loss?
Yes, if left untreated, CNVM can cause irreversible damage to the retina, leading to permanent vision loss. Early treatment is crucial.
2. Are anti-VEGF injections painful?
The injections are relatively painless as numbing drops are applied to the eye before the procedure. Some patients may feel mild discomfort.
3. How often are anti-VEGF injections needed?
Treatment frequency varies based on individual cases, but patients typically require injections every 4-6 weeks initially, with fewer treatments over time.
About Choroidal Neovascular Membranes (CNVM)
Choroidal Neovascular Membranes (CNVM) occur when abnormal blood vessels form beneath the retina and the choroid, the layer of blood vessels supplying oxygen and nutrients to the retina. These blood vessels can leak fluid or blood, leading to scarring and vision loss. CNVM is commonly associated with conditions like age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but it can also result from other eye disorders.
Causes of CNVM
CNVM can develop due to several underlying causes, including:
- Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) – The most common cause, especially in older adults.
- Ocular Histoplasmosis – A fungal infection that can damage the retina and lead to CNVM.
- Myopia (Nearsightedness) – High levels of myopia can contribute to the development of CNVM.
- Trauma or Eye Injuries – Damage to the eye can sometimes trigger abnormal blood vessel growth.
- Inflammatory Conditions – Diseases like uveitis can increase the risk of CNVM.
Types of CNVM
Choroidal Neovascular Membranes can be classified into different types based on their location and underlying causes:
- Classic CNVM: These blood vessels are easily visible through imaging techniques and tend to cause severe vision loss.
- Occult CNVM: These are harder to detect but can still cause significant vision problems.
- Idiopathic CNVM: In some cases, the exact cause of CNVM may be unknown, termed as idiopathic.
Symptoms of CNVM
Recognizing the symptoms early can prevent further vision deterioration. The most common symptoms of CNVM include:
- Blurred or Distorted Vision – Straight lines may appear wavy.
- Dark or Blank Spots – Patients may notice areas of vision loss, especially in the central vision.
- Visual Distortion – Objects may appear smaller or further away than they are.
- Color Vision Changes – You may notice colors becoming less vibrant or washed out.
If you experience any of these symptoms, seek immediate medical attention to prevent permanent vision loss.
Diagnosis of CNVM
Diagnosing CNVM involves a thorough eye examination and specialized imaging techniques:
- Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) – A non-invasive scan that provides high-resolution images of the retina and choroid to detect abnormal blood vessels.
- Fluorescein Angiography – A dye-based test used to highlight abnormal blood vessels under the retina.
- Indocyanine Green Angiography (ICG) – This test is used to visualize the deeper layers of the eye and is often used when fluorescein angiography isn’t enough.
At Dr. Suraj Munjal’s Eye Center, we use the latest diagnostic tools to ensure accurate and early detection of CNVM.
Treatment for CNVM
The treatment approach for CNVM depends on the severity and underlying cause of the condition. Common treatments include:
- Anti-VEGF Injections – These injections block the growth of abnormal blood vessels and are the most effective treatment for CNVM. They are administered directly into the eye.
- Laser Photocoagulation – A laser is used to destroy abnormal blood vessels, but this is less commonly used today due to potential damage to surrounding tissues.
- Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) – A light-sensitive drug is injected into the bloodstream, and a special laser is used to activate the drug to target abnormal blood vessels.
Dr. Suraj Munjal ensures that each treatment plan is tailored to the patient’s unique needs, ensuring the best possible outcome.
Cost of Treatment and Stay in India
India has become a global hub for affordable and high-quality healthcare. The cost of CNVM treatment in India is significantly lower than in many other countries without compromising on the quality of care. Here’s an approximate breakdown:
- Anti-VEGF Injections: $300 to $600 per injection (depending on the drug used).
- Laser Treatment: $500 to $1,000.
- Photodynamic Therapy: $800 to $1,200.